Below are Some Important AzureSQL Admin DBA Interview Questions
Question 1: What is Azure SQL Database? Answer: Azure SQL Database is a fully managed relational database service provided by Microsoft Azure, offering built-in intelligence and scalability. Question 2: How do you create an Azure SQL Database? Answer: You can create an Azure SQL Database using the Azure portal, Azure CLI, PowerShell, or ARM templates. Question 3: What are the deployment options for Azure SQL Database? Answer: Azure SQL Database offers two deployment models: Single database and Managed instance. Question 4: Explain the concept of elastic pools in Azure SQL Database. Answer: Elastic pools allow you to manage a pool of databases with a shared set of resources, providing cost savings and resource utilization. Question 5: How can you secure data at rest in Azure SQL Database? Answer: Azure SQL Database automatically encrypts data at rest using Transparent Data Encryption (TDE). Question 6: What is the purpose of the firewall rule in Azure SQL Database? Answer: The firewall rule controls which IP addresses or IP ranges can connect to your Azure SQL Database. Question 7: How can you migrate an on-premises database to Azure SQL Database? Answer: You can use the Azure Database Migration Service or the Data Migration Assistant for migrating on-premises databases to Azure SQL Database. Question 8: Explain the concept of Geo-Replication in Azure SQL Database. Answer: Geo-Replication allows you to replicate your database to a secondary region for high availability and disaster recovery. Question 9: How do you perform automated backups in Azure SQL Database? Answer: Azure SQL Database performs automated backups, allowing you to restore the database to a previous point in time. Question 10: What is the purpose of the DTU-based purchasing model in Azure SQL Database? Answer: The DTU-based model provides a simple way to choose the performance level based on a set of predefined resources. Question 11: Explain the concept of vCore-based purchasing model in Azure SQL Database. Answer: The vCore-based model allows you to specify the exact amount of CPU, memory, and storage required for your workload. Question 12: How do you configure the automated backup retention period in Azure SQL Database? Answer: You can configure the backup retention period using the Azure portal or T-SQL commands. Question 13: What is the purpose of the active geo-replication feature in Azure SQL Database? Answer: Active geo-replication creates readable secondary databases in another region for load balancing and reporting. Question 14: How can you monitor Azure SQL Database performance? Answer: You can use Azure Monitor, Query Performance Insight, and Dynamic Management Views (DMVs) to monitor performance. Question 15: Explain the concept of Azure SQL Database Managed Instance. Answer: Azure SQL Database Managed Instance is a fully managed instance of SQL Server with native virtual network support. Question 16: How can you perform point-in-time recovery in Azure SQL Database? Answer: Azure SQL Database supports point-in-time restore to recover the database to a specific point in time. Question 17: What is the purpose of the Threat Detection feature in Azure SQL Database? Answer: Threat Detection helps identify and respond to potential security threats by monitoring the database for suspicious activities. Question 18: How do you configure auditing in Azure SQL Database? Answer: You can configure auditing using the Azure portal, T-SQL commands, or PowerShell scripts. Question 19: Explain the concept of Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) in Azure SQL Database. Answer: TDE encrypts the entire database at rest, preventing unauthorized access to the data files. Question 20: What is the purpose of Azure SQL Database Hyperscale? Answer: Azure SQL Database Hyperscale is designed for large databases and provides automatic scaling for storage and compute. Question 21: How do you perform index optimization in Azure SQL Database? Answer: You can use the Index Advisor in Azure SQL Database to identify and optimize inefficient indexes. Question 22: Explain the concept of Azure SQL Database automatic tuning. Answer: Azure SQL Database automatic tuning recommends and applies performance improvements, including creating and dropping indexes. Question 23: How can you secure Azure SQL Database connections using SSL? Answer: Azure SQL Database requires SSL encryption for all connections by default. Question 24: What is the purpose of the Azure SQL Database Query Performance Insight? Answer: Query Performance Insight provides insights into query performance, allowing you to identify and optimize slow queries. Question 25: How do you configure long-term retention backups in Azure SQL Database? Answer: You can configure long-term retention backups using the Azure portal, PowerShell, or T-SQL commands. Question 26: Explain the concept of Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) key rotation. Answer: TDE key rotation involves regularly rotating the TDE encryption key to enhance security. Question 27: What is the purpose of Azure SQL Database automatic failover groups? Answer: Automatic failover groups provide high availability by automatically failing over a group of databases to a standby instance. Question 28: How can you manage security and permissions in Azure SQL Database? Answer: You can manage security using Azure Active Directory authentication, contained databases, and role-based access control. Question 29: Explain the concept of Azure SQL Database serverless tier. Answer: Azure SQL Database serverless provides a compute resource that automatically scales based on workload demand. Question 30: What is the purpose of Azure SQL Database backup redundancy? Answer: Backup redundancy stores backups in multiple locations to enhance data durability and availability. Question 31: How can you migrate an existing SQL Server database to Azure SQL Database Managed Instance? Answer: You can use the Azure Database Migration Service or Backup and Restore method to migrate to Managed Instance. Question 32: Explain the concept of Azure SQL Database Automatic Plan Correction. Answer: Automatic Plan Correction automatically corrects query plans that regress in performance. Question 33: What is the purpose of Azure SQL Database Threat Detection alerts? Answer: Threat Detection alerts notify administrators of potential security threats detected in the database. Question 34: How can you monitor resource utilization in Azure SQL Database? Answer: You can use the Azure portal, dynamic management views (DMVs), and Azure Monitor to monitor resource utilization. Question 35: Explain the concept of Azure SQL Database Geo-restore. Answer: Geo-restore allows you to restore an Azure SQL Database from a different region's backup. Question 36: What is the purpose of Azure SQL Database intelligent performance features? Answer: Intelligent performance features use machine learning to identify performance bottlenecks and recommend improvements. Question 37: How can you configure automatic tuning recommendations in Azure SQL Database? Answer: You can configure automatic tuning recommendations using the Azure portal. Question 38: Explain the concept of Azure SQL Database Backup Retention Period. Answer: Backup Retention Period specifies how long backup copies are retained in Azure SQL Database. Question 39: What is the purpose of Azure SQL Database Advisor? Answer: Azure SQL Database Advisor provides recommendations for performance optimization based on query and resource usage. Question 40: How do you implement disaster recovery for Azure SQL Database? Answer: You can use Geo-Replication and Failover Groups for disaster recovery and high availability. Question 41: Explain the concept of Azure SQL Database automated patching. Answer: Azure SQL Database automatically applies security updates and patches to the database engine. Question 42: What is the purpose of Azure SQL Database Business Continuity features? Answer: Business Continuity features ensure high availability and data durability in Azure SQL Database. Question 43: How can you monitor Azure SQL Database query performance? Answer: You can use Query Store, Extended Events, and Performance Insights to monitor query performance. Question 44: Explain the concept of Azure SQL Database serverless compute tier. Answer: Serverless compute tier automatically scales compute resources based on workload demand. Question 45: What is the purpose of the Azure SQL Database Index Advisor? Answer: The Index Advisor recommends and creates indexes to improve query performance. Question 46: How can you perform cross-database queries in Azure SQL Database? Answer: You can use Elastic Queries or create External Tables to perform cross-database queries. Question 47: Explain the concept of Azure SQL Database Data Masking. Answer: Data Masking obfuscates sensitive data in non-production environments to protect privacy. Question 48: What is the purpose of the Azure SQL Database Vulnerability Assessment? Answer: Vulnerability Assessment identifies security vulnerabilities and provides recommendations for remediation. Question 49: How can you configure automated backups retention in Azure SQL Database? Answer: You can configure automated backups retention using the Azure portal or T-SQL commands. Question 50: Explain the concept of Azure SQL Database Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) Bring Your Own Key (BYOK). Answer: TDE BYOK allows you to manage your encryption keys for Azure SQL Database using Azure Key Vault.
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